{"id":171,"date":"2024-02-01T12:46:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-01T11:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/?p=171"},"modified":"2024-09-06T17:13:47","modified_gmt":"2024-09-06T15:13:47","slug":"nove-vyzvy-v-oblasti-vyroby-energie-z-obnovitelnych-zdroju-na-ceskem-trhu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/2024\/02\/nove-vyzvy-v-oblasti-vyroby-energie-z-obnovitelnych-zdroju-na-ceskem-trhu\/","title":{"rendered":"Nov\u00e9 v\u00fdzvy v oblasti v\u00fdroby energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f na \u010desk\u00e9m trhu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Podle zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch v roce 2023 \u010din\u00ed pod\u00edl energie vyroben\u00fdch sol\u00e1rn\u00edmi a v\u011btrn\u00fdmi elektr\u00e1rnami v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice 3,7 % trhu. Evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br se pohybuje kolem 22 %.1<\/sup> \u010cesk\u00e1 republika v\u0161ak vzhledem k nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed podpo\u0159e v\u00fdroby sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 i v r\u016fstu v\u00fdroby energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Za posledn\u00edch p\u011bt let se objem elekt\u0159iny vyroben\u00e9 v sol\u00e1rn\u00edch a v\u011btrn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1rn\u00e1ch v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice \u00fadajn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161il o 13,6 %, zat\u00edmco v cel\u00e9 EU \u010dinil n\u00e1r\u016fst t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 88 %. Hlavn\u00edmi v\u00fdrobci elekt\u0159iny v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice jsou st\u00e1le uheln\u00e9 a jadern\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 podpory v\u00fdroby spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 probl\u00e9m tak\u00e9 ve zdlouhav\u00e9m a komplikovan\u00e9m povolovac\u00edm \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro v\u00fdstavbu elektr\u00e1ren. Investo\u0159i \u010dasto \u010dekaj\u00ed na kone\u010dn\u00e9 povolen\u00ed deset i v\u00edce let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010cesk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da si je tohoto probl\u00e9mu pln\u011b v\u011bdoma, a proto po\u010d\u00e1tkem lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku p\u0159ijala n\u011bkolik opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 maj\u00ed zjednodu\u0161it v\u00fdstavbu sol\u00e1rn\u00edch a v\u011btrn\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren. Tato opat\u0159en\u00ed vl\u00e1da postupn\u011b implementuje do \u010desk\u00e9ho pr\u00e1vn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e prvn\u00ed z nich nabyla \u00fa\u010dinnosti ji\u017e na za\u010d\u00e1tku leto\u0161n\u00edho roku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed limitu pro sol\u00e1rn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny instalovan\u00fdch bez povolen\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prvn\u00edm opat\u0159en\u00edm, kter\u00e9 by m\u011blo usnadnit \u017eivot mal\u00fdm v\u00fdrobc\u016fm elekt\u0159iny, je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed limitu pro fotovoltaick\u00e9 elektr\u00e1rny, kter\u00e9 nemus\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dat o slo\u017eitou licenci na v\u00fdrobu elekt\u0159iny a stavebn\u00ed povolen\u00ed. Z p\u016fvodn\u00edch 10 kW instalovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu se nyn\u00ed povinnost z\u00edskat v\u0161echna pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 povolen\u00ed vztahuje na elektr\u00e1rny s v\u00fdkonem nad 50 kW. Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee toto opat\u0159en\u00ed neuspokoj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdrobce sol\u00e1rn\u00ed elekt\u0159iny, ale ur\u010dit\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed okruh “samov\u00fdrobc\u016f”, zejm\u00e9na dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed a firem, kter\u00e9 cht\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159ej\u00edt k energetick\u00e9 sob\u011bsta\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bohu\u017eel se t\u00edm neodstranil probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd tak\u00e9 br\u00e1n\u00ed plynul\u00e9mu rozvoji mal\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren, toti\u017e odm\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ipojit k s\u00edti takov\u00e9 samov\u00fdrobce, kte\u0159\u00ed by cht\u011bli sv\u00e9 p\u0159ebytky elekt\u0159iny prod\u00e1vat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Naopak \u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zve\u0159ej\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f o kapacit\u011b p\u0159enosov\u00e9 a distribu\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b by pomohlo l\u00e9pe ur\u010dit, zda je odm\u00edtnut\u00ed distributora zp\u016fsobeno skute\u010dn\u00fdmi technick\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my nebo pouze jeho vlastn\u00edm ekonomick\u00fdm z\u00e1jmem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konec obecn\u00edch referend<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznam pro trh s obnovitelnou energi\u00ed m\u00e1 v\u0161ak jin\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vstoupilo v platnost na za\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2023. Jedn\u00e1 se o za\u0159azen\u00ed staveb v\u011btrn\u00fdch a sol\u00e1rn\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren s celkov\u00fdm instalovan\u00fdm v\u00fdkonem 1 MW a v\u00edce mezi stavby za\u0159azen\u00e9 mezi stavby ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 infrastruktury. Tato zm\u011bna zjednodu\u0161ila povolov\u00e1n\u00ed staveb, nebo\u0165 investo\u0159i ji\u017e nemus\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dat o zm\u011bnu \u00fazemn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu obce, jestli\u017ee hodlaj\u00ed elektr\u00e1rnu postavit mimo hranice zastav\u011bn\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed obce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zm\u011bna \u00fazemn\u00edho pl\u00e1nu obce, kter\u00e1 \u010dasto zahrnuje i \u00fazem\u00ed mimo zastav\u011bn\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed m\u011bst a dot\u00fdk\u00e1 se jich, obvykle slou\u017eila obc\u00edm jako z\u00e1minka k vyps\u00e1n\u00ed referenda; ov\u0161em ob\u010dan\u00e9 dot\u010den\u00e9 obce se obvykle postavili proti v\u00fdstavb\u011b v\u011btrn\u00e9 nebo sol\u00e1rn\u00ed elektr\u00e1rny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I p\u0159es tyto pozitivn\u00ed zm\u011bny z\u016fstaly v povolovac\u00edm procesu zachov\u00e1ny dal\u0161\u00ed procesy, zejm\u00e9na u v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren v procesu EIA, kdy se ve\u0159ejnost a obce mohou k z\u00e1m\u011bru v\u00fdstavby elektr\u00e1rny vyj\u00e1d\u0159it v t\u011bchto dal\u0161\u00edch \u0159\u00edzen\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esto\u017ee byla odstran\u011bna jedna zdlouhav\u00e1 a komplikovan\u00e1 f\u00e1ze povolovac\u00edho procesu, p\u0159\u00edprava projektu a v\u00fdstavba obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie jsou st\u00e1le \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 a n\u00e1kladn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na druhou stranu se t\u00edm otev\u00edr\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed prostor pro v\u00fdstavbu v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch fotovoltaick\u00fdch jednotek, nap\u0159\u00edklad na pol\u00edch nebo v sadech mimo zastav\u011bn\u00e1 \u00fazem\u00ed obc\u00ed. Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd z\u00e1jem investor\u016f lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat o agro-fotovoltaiku, kdy elektr\u00e1rna um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e1 na lehk\u00e9 konstrukci na poli p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k r\u016fstu plodin tak\u00e9 t\u00edm, \u017ee poskytuje st\u00edn nebo sni\u017euje odpa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vody z p\u016fdy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Komunitn\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00ed obnoviteln\u00e9 energie<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Koncem minul\u00e9ho roku pro\u0161el Poslaneckou sn\u011bmovnou a Sen\u00e1tem n\u00e1vrh novely energetick\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona – Lex OZE II, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl kone\u010dn\u011b umo\u017enit komunitn\u00ed sd\u00edlen\u00ed energie vyroben\u00e9 z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a kter\u00fd  nabyl \u00fa\u010dinnosti 1. ledna 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Novela zav\u00e1d\u00ed nov\u00e9 subjekty ozna\u010dovan\u00e9 jako energetick\u00e1 spole\u010denstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V z\u00e1sad\u011b jde o to, \u017ee toto spole\u010denstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bude pr\u00e1vnickou osobou zalo\u017eenou na dobrovoln\u00e9 a otev\u0159en\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dasti, m\u016f\u017ee sdru\u017eovat fyzick\u00e9 osoby, mal\u00e9 a st\u0159edn\u00ed podniky, obce nebo jin\u00e9 samospr\u00e1vn\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 subjekty a jimi z\u0159\u00edzen\u00e9 subjekty za \u00fa\u010delem v\u00fdroby energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f a jej\u00edho sd\u00edlen\u00ed mezi \u010dleny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sd\u00edlen\u00ed elekt\u0159iny z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f bude mo\u017en\u00e9 od 1. \u010dervence 2024 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 distribu\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b a bude ho zaji\u0161\u0165ovat a koordinovat Elektroenergetick\u00e9 datov\u00e9 centrum. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nyn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh z\u00e1kona stanov\u00ed, \u017ee sd\u00edlen\u00ed v r\u00e1mci jednoho energetick\u00e9ho spole\u010denstv\u00ed bude omezeno na maxim\u00e1ln\u011b 1000 odb\u011brn\u00fdch m\u00edst a na \u00fazem\u00ed maxim\u00e1ln\u011b t\u0159\u00ed obc\u00ed s roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enou p\u016fsobnost\u00ed, tj. v \u00favahu p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed pouze obce, jejich\u017e \u00fa\u0159ady mohou vykon\u00e1vat i st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vu v p\u0159enesen\u00e9 p\u016fsobnosti. Tato omezen\u00ed jsou v\u0161ak navrhov\u00e1na pouze na t\u0159i roky; v polovin\u011b roku 2026 mus\u00ed p\u0159estat platit a sd\u00edlen\u00ed elekt\u0159iny pak mus\u00ed b\u00fdt mo\u017en\u00e9 bez omezen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm omezen\u00edm je, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 odb\u011brn\u00e9 m\u00edsto ani v\u00fdrobna nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt zapojeny do v\u00edce ne\u017e jedn\u00e9 skupiny pro sd\u00edlen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je to jist\u011b krok spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm sm\u011brem a pr\u016flom oproti sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situaci. Syst\u00e9m nav\u00edc p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 v\u00fdhody t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed se do n\u011bj zapoj\u00ed hned od po\u010d\u00e1tku. Ministerstvo \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed vyhl\u00e1silo v\u00fdzvu k \u00fa\u010dasti v N\u00e1rodn\u00edm programu \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Ten je zam\u011b\u0159en na podporu zakl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed energetick\u00fdch komunit, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159edpokladem pro rozvoj komunitn\u00ed energetiky. P\u0159\u00edjem projekt\u016f byl zah\u00e1jen 1. prosince 2023, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ve dvoukolov\u00e9m procesu bude vybr\u00e1no minim\u00e1ln\u011b 40 projekt\u016f, kter\u00e9 budou podpo\u0159eny. Celkov\u00e1 alokace v\u00fdzvy je 98 milion\u016f korun, ka\u017ed\u00e1 dotace m\u016f\u017ee dos\u00e1hnout a\u017e 3 milion\u016f korun.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je to jist\u011b krok spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm sm\u011brem a pr\u016flom v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situaci. Doposud v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice neexistovala \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 pravidla pro rozvoj komunitn\u00ed energetiky. I v tomto ohledu \u010cesk\u00e1 republika v\u00fdrazn\u011b zaost\u00e1vala za evropsk\u00fdm pr\u016fm\u011brem, nicm\u00e9n\u011b to se te\u010f m\u00e1 zm\u011bnit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Technologie se vyv\u00edj\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed zm\u011bnou v\u0161ak neproch\u00e1z\u00ed jen legislativa. Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 technologie zefektiv\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdstavbu a provoz obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f energie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se na trhu se sol\u00e1rn\u00edmi panely pomalu objevuj\u00ed nov\u00e9 syst\u00e9my zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako tzv. sol\u00e1rn\u00ed trackery, jejich\u017e c\u00edlem je ot\u00e1\u010det sol\u00e1rn\u00ed panely b\u011bhem dne z v\u00fdchodu na z\u00e1pad a sledovat tak pohyb slunce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dosud platilo, \u017ee v\u0161echny elektr\u00e1rny orientovan\u00e9 na jih vyr\u00e1b\u011bly v dob\u011b v\u00fdrobn\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dky nejv\u00edce energie. To p\u0159irozen\u011b vede k p\u0159ebytk\u016fm a investor mus\u00ed dod\u00e1vat do s\u00edt\u011b elekt\u0159inu za z\u00e1pornou cenu. S rozvojem sol\u00e1rn\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren a jejich podporou se tento probl\u00e9m umoc\u0148uje. Automatick\u00e9 nat\u00e1\u010dec\u00ed syst\u00e9my tak pom\u00e1haj\u00ed l\u00e9pe rozlo\u017eit mno\u017estv\u00ed vyroben\u00e9 elekt\u0159iny v pr\u016fb\u011bhu dne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1<\/sup> V\u00fdroba  elekt\u0159iny z OZE v \u010cesku  zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 – T\u00fdden\u00edk Euro (tydenikeuro.cz)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Podle zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch v roce 2023 \u010din\u00ed pod\u00edl energie vyroben\u00fdch sol\u00e1rn\u00edmi a v\u011btrn\u00fdmi elektr\u00e1rnami v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice 3,7 % trhu. Evropsk\u00fd pr\u016fm\u011br se pohybuje kolem 22 %.1 \u010cesk\u00e1 republika v\u0161ak vzhledem k nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed podpo\u0159e v\u00fdroby sol\u00e1rn\u00ed a v\u011btrn\u00e9 energie prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch elektr\u00e1ren zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 i v r\u016fstu v\u00fdroby energie z obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f. Za posledn\u00edch p\u011bt let […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":794,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[45,32],"tags":[],"coauthors":[31],"class_list":["post-171","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-energy","category-real-estate"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/794"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=171"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/171\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=171"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=171"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=171"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.dlapiper.com\/paragraph\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=171"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}